Document Type : Research Paper
Author
Assistant Professor of Department of Persian Language and Literature and Department of Comparative Literature, Khod.C, Islamic Azad University, Khodabandeh, Iran
10.22103/jcl.2026.26766.3944
Abstract
In Jung's analytical psychology, the archetype refers to the contents of the collective unconscious and the common and repeated experiences of all human beings, which are passed down from generation to generation from the minds and consciences of human beings over millions of years. The present study, with the aim of explaining the position of archetypes in comparative literature researches, attempts to analyze literary similarities in the poetry of Abdul Wahhab al-Bayati, a contemporary Iraqi poet, and Mahdi Akhavan Sales, using a descriptive-analytical method based on the propositions of the American school which considers literary similarities between the literatures of different nations of the world to be due, above all else, to the common human spirit. According to Jung, Anima is the feminine soul within a man, which is most often manifested in dreams, ecstasies, and artistic and literary creations. This article only examines negative Anima in the two aforementioned texts. it examines the role of negative Anima in the emergence of literary similarities between these two texts. The research findings show that the poems of Akhavan and Bayati have similarities in many cases. One reason for these similarities is the deep foundations of archetypes, and specifically similar manifestations of negative anima, which It has caused similar negative moods and emotions, including sadness, anger, despair, pessimism, emptiness, etc., in both texts Also, the dark side of the anima is symbolized similarly in both texts in the form of a sinister woman, a witch, a deceiver, a lustful woman, etc.
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